Clinical impact of different classes of infiltrating T cytotoxic and helper cells (T H1, T H2, T reg, T H17) in patients with colorectal cancer. Integrative analyses of colorectal cancer show immunoscore is a stronger predictor of patient survival than microsatellite instability. Tumor antigen-specific CD8 T cells infiltrating the tumor express high levels of PD-1 and are functionally impaired. Improved survival with ipilimumab in patients with metastatic melanoma. Safety and activity of anti-PD-L1 antibody in patients with advanced cancer. Safety, activity, and immune correlates of anti-PD-1 antibody in cancer. PD-1 identifies the patient-specific CD8 + tumor-reactive repertoire infiltrating human tumors. Restoring function in exhausted CD8 T cells during chronic viral infection. Molecular signature of CD8 + T cell exhaustion during chronic viral infection. Viral immune evasion due to persistence of activated T cells without effector function. Protective immunity does not correlate with the hierarchy of virus-specific cytotoxic T cell responses to naturally processed peptides. Gallimore, A., Dumrese, T., Hengartner, H., Zinkernagel, R.M., Rammensee, H.-G. et al. High response rate to PD-1 blockade in desmoplastic melanomas. PD-1 blockade induces responses by inhibiting adaptive immune resistance. Predictive correlates of response to the anti-PD-L1 antibody MPD元280A in cancer patients. Single-cell profiling of breast cancer T cells reveals a tissue-resident memory subset associated with improved prognosis. Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte grade is an independent predictor of sentinel lymph node status and survival in patients with cutaneous melanoma. Macrophages impede CD8 T cells from reaching tumor cells and limit the efficacy of anti-PD-1 treatment. Effector memory T cells, early metastasis, and survival in colorectal cancer. Type, density, and location of immune cells within human colorectal tumors predict clinical outcome. Patients with progressive disease lack these immune niches, suggesting that niche breakdown may be a key mechanism of immune escape. In addition, we show that these stem-like T cells reside in dense antigen-presenting-cell niches within the tumour, and that tumours that fail to form these structures are not extensively infiltrated by T cells. For many T cells to infiltrate the tumour, it is critical that this effector differentiation process occur. On proliferation, stem-like CD8 T cells give rise to more terminally differentiated, effector-molecule-expressing daughter cells. We find that CD8 T cells within tumours consist of distinct populations of terminally differentiated and stem-like cells. Here we investigate the requirements for maintaining a CD8 T cell response against human cancer. However, the reason some tumours have high CD8 T cell infiltration while others do not remains unclear. Tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes are associated with a survival benefit in several tumour types and with the response to immunotherapy 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8.
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